Guide

Car Safety in India — NCAP Ratings, Airbags & What Actually Matters

Which Indian cars are actually safe? A guide to Bharat NCAP ratings, airbag requirements, and the safety features that make a real difference.

Why car safety matters more in India

India has one of the highest road fatality rates in the world. The roads are unpredictable — pedestrians, two-wheelers, animals, and potholes are all part of the mix. In this environment, a car's passive safety systems — the engineering that protects you during a crash — matter enormously.

For years, Indian cars were not held to the same safety standards as European or Japanese cars. That is changing. Bharat NCAP, India's own crash testing programme, launched in 2023 and has already tested dozens of popular models. The results are sobering — some cars that Indians have been buying for years scored very poorly.

What NCAP actually tests

NCAP does not just crash a car and see what happens. It runs a battery of tests across four categories: adult occupant protection (how well the seatbelt, airbags, and structure protect a grown adult), child occupant protection (crash tests with child-sized dummies in child seats), vulnerable road user protection (how the car's front end behaves if it hits a pedestrian), and safety assist (does the car have automatic emergency braking, lane-keeping assist, and so on).

Each category gets a score, and the overall rating is one to five stars. A 5-star car has done well across all four categories — not just one.

The 6-airbag mandate

As of October 2023, all new cars sold in India must have a minimum of six airbags. This was a massive step forward. Previously, many budget cars shipped with just two front airbags — offering almost no side or curtain protection.

Six airbags cover the front, sides, and curtains. In a side impact — one of the most common crash types — curtain airbags deploy along the roof to protect your head. This alone saves hundreds of lives.

Spoke pages coming soon

The guides below cover specific safety questions — the safest cars by budget, what Bharat NCAP vs Global NCAP means, and whether 6 airbags really make a difference.

Dive Deeper

Frequently Asked Questions

What does a 5-star NCAP rating mean?

A 5-star rating means the car scored the highest marks in crash tests for adult occupant protection, child protection, vulnerable road user protection, and safety assist features.

Are all Indian cars tested by NCAP?

No. Testing is voluntary. Many budget cars have never been tested. If a car has no NCAP rating, you cannot assume it is safe.

How many airbags do I need?

The Indian government mandated a minimum of 6 airbags for cars sold after October 2023. Cars with 6 airbags offer significantly better protection than the older 2-airbag standard.